PDO::ERRMODE_EXCEPTION, PDO::ATTR_DEFAULT_FETCH_MODE => PDO::FETCH_ASSOC, PDO::ATTR_EMULATE_PREPARES => false, ]; $this->conn = new PDO($dsn, DB_USER, DB_PASS, $options); } catch (PDOException $e) { $this->handleError($e->getMessage()); } } public static function getInstance() { if (self::$instance === null) { self::$instance = new self(); } return self::$instance; } public function getConnection() { return $this->conn; } private function handleError($message) { if (DEBUG_MODE) { die(json_encode(['error' => 'Database Error: ' . $message])); } else { die(json_encode(['error' => 'Database connection failed'])); } } // Prevent cloning private function __clone() {} // Prevent unserialization public function __wakeup() { throw new Exception("Cannot unserialize singleton"); } }